Abstract
Sex determination represents a critical bifurcation in the road of embryonic development. It is based on a finely regulated network of gene activity, as well as protein-protein interactions and activation or silencing of signaling pathways. Despite the identification of a number of critical genes, many aspects of the molecular cascade that drives the differentiation of the embryonic gonad into either a testis or an ovary remain poorly understood. To identify new proteins involved in this cascade, we employed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to compare the protein expression profiles of fetal mouse testes and ovaries. Three proteins, hnRPA1, TRA1, and HSC71, were found to be expressed in a male-specific manner and this expression was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. Moreover, HSC71 was found to be hyperphosphorylated in male compared to female gonads, emphasizing the advantage of the proteomic approach in allowing the detection of posttranslational modifications.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Genesis: The Journal of Genetics and Development |
| Volume | 44 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| Pages (from-to) | 168-176 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| ISSN | 1526-954X |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2006 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Animals
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Female
- HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins
- Male
- Mass Spectrometry
- Membrane Glycoproteins
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Ovary
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Proteome
- Proteomics
- Replication Protein A
- Testis
- Hspa8 protein, mouse
- Rpa1 protein, mouse
- endoplasmin
- glucose regulated protein 94
- heat shock cognate protein 71
- heat shock protein
- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein
- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1
- unclassified drug
- animal cell
- article
- cell differentiation
- comparative study
- controlled study
- embryo
- embryo development
- female
- fetus
- gene activity
- gene identification
- gene silencing
- gonad development
- in situ hybridization
- male
- mass spectrometry
- mouse
- nonhuman
- nucleotide sequence
- ovary
- priority journal
- protein analysis
- protein expression
- protein phosphorylation
- protein processing
- protein protein interaction
- proteomics
- real time polymerase chain reaction
- sex determination
- signal transduction
- testis
- two dimensional gel electrophoresis
- 2D gel electrophoresis
- hnRPA1
- HSC71
- Sex determination
- TRA1
- DEVELOPMENTAL
- GENETICS
- INHIBITING SUBSTANCE PROMOTER
- XX SEX REVERSAL
- GENE-EXPRESSION
- MESSENGER-RNA
- VAS-DEFERENS
- MOUSE
- TESTIS
- SOX9
- HSP70
- DIFFERENTIATION
- gender differentiation
- sex differentiation
- Rodentia Mammalia Vertebrata Chordata Animalia (Animals, Chordates, Mammals, Nonhuman Vertebrates, Nonhuman Mammals, Rodents, Vertebrates) - Muridae [86375] mouse common fetus female, male
- hnRPA1 expression
- HSC71 expression, phosphorylation
- TRA1 expression
- 03502, Genetics - General
- 03506, Genetics - Animal
- 10062, Biochemistry studies - Nucleic acids, purines and pyrimidines
- 16504, Reproductive system - Physiology and biochemistry
- 17002, Endocrine - General
- 25502, Development and Embryology - General and descriptive
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics
- Reproduction
- gonad reproductive system, endocrine system
- ovary reproductive system
- testes reproductive system
- Wolffian duct embryonic structure
- mass spectrometry laboratory techniques, spectrum analysis techniques
- real-time polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR laboratory techniques, genetic techniques
- two-dimensional gel electrophoresis electrophoretic techniques, laboratory techniques
- Development
- Methods and Techniques
- Molecular Genetics
- Reproductive System