TY - JOUR
T1 - Changes in the tribological behavior of an epoxy resin by incorporating CuO nanoparticles and PTFE microparticles
AU - Larsen, Thomas Ricco Ølholm
AU - Andersen, Tom Løgstrup
AU - Thorning, Bent
AU - Horsewell, Andy
AU - Vigild, Martin Etchells
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Different amounts of CuD nanoparticles are incorporated into both a neat epoxy resin and into an epoxy resin containing PTFE microparticles.
The content of CuD is varied in the range of 0-10 vol.% while the PTFE content is fixed at 7.5 vol.%. The dispersion state of added particles
is examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which show a relatively good dispersion of
both kinds of particles. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Vickers hardness measurements show no clear changes in glass transition
temperature or hardness as a function of thenano-CuO content. However, both parameters are reduced when PTFE is added. Friction and wear data
is collected using a custom-made tribotester of the pin-on-disk type. Measurements are performed under dry-sliding conditions against smooth
steel counterfaces. When a pressure-velocity (pv) condition of 0.25 MPa, 6.0 m1s is applied the following is found: without PTFE, the coefficient
of friction (p,) is roughly independent of the nano-CuO content. When PTFE is added, an average reduction in p, of 35% is found in the CuD range
of 0-0.4 vol.%. At higher CuD concentrations the friction lowering effect of PTFE deteriorates. Addition of CuD increases wear relative to the
neat epoxy at all concentrations. When nano-CuO is added to epoxy with PTFE incorporated, the wear rate decreases slightly up to a CuD content
of 0.4 vol.% after which it increases. The measurements are repeated for some of the composites using a smoother counterface. This gives rise to
significantly less wear, which for composites without PTFE is attributed to formation of a protective transfer film. At a pv condition of 1.16 MPa,
1.0 m1s the following is found: composites without PTFE generally show an unsteady behavior with high average wear rates whereas composites
with PTFE generally show a good friction and wear performance. The best results are seen at a CuD content in the range of 0.1-0.4 vol.%. The
latter shows a positive synergistic effect of adding a small amount of nano-CuO together with PTFE into the epoxy resin.
AB - Different amounts of CuD nanoparticles are incorporated into both a neat epoxy resin and into an epoxy resin containing PTFE microparticles.
The content of CuD is varied in the range of 0-10 vol.% while the PTFE content is fixed at 7.5 vol.%. The dispersion state of added particles
is examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which show a relatively good dispersion of
both kinds of particles. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Vickers hardness measurements show no clear changes in glass transition
temperature or hardness as a function of thenano-CuO content. However, both parameters are reduced when PTFE is added. Friction and wear data
is collected using a custom-made tribotester of the pin-on-disk type. Measurements are performed under dry-sliding conditions against smooth
steel counterfaces. When a pressure-velocity (pv) condition of 0.25 MPa, 6.0 m1s is applied the following is found: without PTFE, the coefficient
of friction (p,) is roughly independent of the nano-CuO content. When PTFE is added, an average reduction in p, of 35% is found in the CuD range
of 0-0.4 vol.%. At higher CuD concentrations the friction lowering effect of PTFE deteriorates. Addition of CuD increases wear relative to the
neat epoxy at all concentrations. When nano-CuO is added to epoxy with PTFE incorporated, the wear rate decreases slightly up to a CuD content
of 0.4 vol.% after which it increases. The measurements are repeated for some of the composites using a smoother counterface. This gives rise to
significantly less wear, which for composites without PTFE is attributed to formation of a protective transfer film. At a pv condition of 1.16 MPa,
1.0 m1s the following is found: composites without PTFE generally show an unsteady behavior with high average wear rates whereas composites
with PTFE generally show a good friction and wear performance. The best results are seen at a CuD content in the range of 0.1-0.4 vol.%. The
latter shows a positive synergistic effect of adding a small amount of nano-CuO together with PTFE into the epoxy resin.
KW - PTFE microparticles
KW - Friction
KW - Nanocomposites
KW - Epoxy resin
KW - CuO nanoparticles
KW - Wear
U2 - 10.1016/j.wear.2007.10.003
DO - 10.1016/j.wear.2007.10.003
M3 - Journal article
VL - 265
SP - 203
EP - 213
JO - Wear
JF - Wear
SN - 0043-1648
IS - 1-2
ER -