Changes in the North Sea fish community: evidence of indirect effects of fishing?

N. Daan, Henrik Gislason, J. Pope, J. Rice

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

We investigate changes in the North Sea fish community with particular reference to possible indirect effects of fishing, mediated through the ecosystem. In the past, long-term changes in the slope of size spectra of research vessel catches have been related to changes in fishing effort, but such changes may simply reflect the cumulative, direct effects of fishing through selective removal of large individuals. If there is resilience in a fish community towards fishing, we may expect increases in specific components, for instance as a consequence of an associated reduction in predation and/or competition. We show on the basis of three long-term trawl surveys that abundance of small fish (all species) as well as abundance of demersal species with a low maximum length (Lmax) have steadily and significantly increased in absolute numbers over large parts of the North Sea during the last 30 years. Taking average fishing mortality of assessed commercial species as an index of exploitation rate of the fish community, it appears that fishing effort reached its maximum in the mid-1980s and has declined slightly since. If the observed changes in the community are caused by indirect effects of fishing, there must be a considerable delay in response time, because the observed changes generally proceed up to recent years, although both size and Lmax spectra suggest some levelling off, or even recovery in one of the surveys. Indeed, significant correlations between all community metrics and exploitation rate were obtained only if time lags greater than or equal to 6 years were introduced. (C) 2004 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Original languageEnglish
JournalICES Journal of Marine Science
Volume62
Issue number2
Pages (from-to)177-188
ISSN1054-3139
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2005

Keywords

  • community metrics
  • direct and indirect effects of fishing
  • Lmax spectra
  • size spectra

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Changes in the North Sea fish community: evidence of indirect effects of fishing?'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this