Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes

Mathilde Guldbæk Arentsen; Dimitri Boiroux; Ali Mohebbi; Tinna Björk Aradóttir; Henrik Bengtsson; John Bagterp Jørgensen

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.002

Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes

Mathilde Guldbæk Arentsen
, Dimitri Boiroux
, Ali Mohebbi
, Tinna Björk Aradóttir
, Henrik Bengtsson
, John Bagterp Jørgensen

Novo Nordisk A/S

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

We introduce a fully automated insulin delivery (AID) system for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. This system initially titrates a basal insulin rate for the patient using an I-controller and subsequently introduces a PD-controller for postprandial management. The algorithm is adaptive, ideally allowing it to be applicable to any patient without prior calibration. Additionally, we present a simulation model for T2D patients, combining the existing Hovorka type 1 diabetes (T1D) model and the UVA/Padova T2D model, enabling simulation of T2D patients undergoing exogenous insulin therapy. In a trial with 84 virtual patients simulated using this T2D model, the proposed AID system demonstrated safe and effective titration and treatment, indicating its potential for providing safe and convenient T2D management.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025
Volume	59
Publisher	Elsevier
Publication date	2025
Edition	2
Pages	47-52
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.002
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies - Valencia , Spain Duration: 8 May 2025 → 9 May 2025

Conference

Conference	1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies
Country/Territory	Spain
City	Valencia
Period	08/05/2025 → 09/05/2025

Series	IFAC-PapersOnLine
ISSN	2405-8963

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Automated Insulin Delivery
Diabetes Technology
Mathematical Modeling
Simulation
Type 2 Diabetes

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title = "Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes",

abstract = "We introduce a fully automated insulin delivery (AID) system for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. This system initially titrates a basal insulin rate for the patient using an I-controller and subsequently introduces a PD-controller for postprandial management. The algorithm is adaptive, ideally allowing it to be applicable to any patient without prior calibration. Additionally, we present a simulation model for T2D patients, combining the existing Hovorka type 1 diabetes (T1D) model and the UVA/Padova T2D model, enabling simulation of T2D patients undergoing exogenous insulin therapy. In a trial with 84 virtual patients simulated using this T2D model, the proposed AID system demonstrated safe and effective titration and treatment, indicating its potential for providing safe and convenient T2D management.",

keywords = "Automated Insulin Delivery, Diabetes Technology, Mathematical Modeling, Simulation, Type 2 Diabetes",

author = "Arentsen, \{Mathilde Guldb{\ae}k\} and Dimitri Boiroux and Ali Mohebbi and Arad{\'o}ttir, \{Tinna Bj{\"o}rk\} and Henrik Bengtsson and J{\o}rgensen, \{John Bagterp\}",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.002",

language = "English",

volume = "59",

series = "IFAC-PapersOnLine",

publisher = "Elsevier",

pages = "47--52",

booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025",

address = "United Kingdom",

edition = "2",

note = " 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies ; Conference date: 08-05-2025 Through 09-05-2025",

}

Arentsen, MG, Boiroux, D, Mohebbi, A, Aradóttir, TB, Bengtsson, H & Jørgensen, JB 2025, Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes. in Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025. 2 edn, vol. 59, Elsevier, IFAC-PapersOnLine, pp. 47-52, 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, Valencia , Spain, 08/05/2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.002

Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes. / Arentsen, Mathilde Guldbæk; Boiroux, Dimitri; Mohebbi, Ali et al.
Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025. Vol. 59 2. ed. Elsevier, 2025. p. 47-52 (IFAC-PapersOnLine).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes

AU - Arentsen, Mathilde Guldbæk

AU - Boiroux, Dimitri

AU - Mohebbi, Ali

AU - Aradóttir, Tinna Björk

AU - Bengtsson, Henrik

AU - Jørgensen, John Bagterp

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - We introduce a fully automated insulin delivery (AID) system for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. This system initially titrates a basal insulin rate for the patient using an I-controller and subsequently introduces a PD-controller for postprandial management. The algorithm is adaptive, ideally allowing it to be applicable to any patient without prior calibration. Additionally, we present a simulation model for T2D patients, combining the existing Hovorka type 1 diabetes (T1D) model and the UVA/Padova T2D model, enabling simulation of T2D patients undergoing exogenous insulin therapy. In a trial with 84 virtual patients simulated using this T2D model, the proposed AID system demonstrated safe and effective titration and treatment, indicating its potential for providing safe and convenient T2D management.

AB - We introduce a fully automated insulin delivery (AID) system for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. This system initially titrates a basal insulin rate for the patient using an I-controller and subsequently introduces a PD-controller for postprandial management. The algorithm is adaptive, ideally allowing it to be applicable to any patient without prior calibration. Additionally, we present a simulation model for T2D patients, combining the existing Hovorka type 1 diabetes (T1D) model and the UVA/Padova T2D model, enabling simulation of T2D patients undergoing exogenous insulin therapy. In a trial with 84 virtual patients simulated using this T2D model, the proposed AID system demonstrated safe and effective titration and treatment, indicating its potential for providing safe and convenient T2D management.

KW - Automated Insulin Delivery

KW - Diabetes Technology

KW - Mathematical Modeling

KW - Simulation

KW - Type 2 Diabetes

U2 - 10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.002

DO - 10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.002

M3 - Article in proceedings

VL - 59

T3 - IFAC-PapersOnLine

SP - 47

EP - 52

BT - Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025

PB - Elsevier

T2 - 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies

Y2 - 8 May 2025 through 9 May 2025

ER -

Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for People with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Conference

UN SDGs

Keywords

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