Analysis of High-Latitude lonospheric Processes During HSS and CME-Induced Geomagnetic Storms

For the first time we compared ionospheric effects of HSS and CME-driven storms at high-latitudes. There were similarities and also differences observed in the development of the storms. (1) Both type of storms exhibited clear negative phase, which resulted in an increase of TOI-breaking-down into patches and a decrease in patch formation in general throughout the Greenland sector. The negative phase developed as the PCN-index started to increase indicated energy input into the polarcap. (2) The rate of PCN increase was clearly different for the two types of storms. (3) The impact of the physical processes responsible for the negative phase have less pronounced impact on the diurnal TEC variations than on patch formation. We also investigated and assessed storm influences on airborne navigation at high-latitudes in order to determine the possible cause of the radio communication disturbances. This effort may lead us to a better understanding of the phenomenon and might help develop communication hardware that is more resistant to such effects.