An Open-Source Browser-Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Type 1 Diabetes

Lara Hauser; John Bagterp Jørgensen; Heiko Peuscher

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.025

An Open-Source Browser-Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Type 1 Diabetes

Lara Hauser
, John Bagterp Jørgensen
, Heiko Peuscher

Ulm University of Applied Sciences

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

We provide an open-source implementation of the NMPC algorithm for closed-loop insulin therapy presented by Hovorka et. al. in the seminal paper from 2004. An extended Kalman filter is added as observer, since specifics on state estimation have been omitted in the original paper. The controller is now part of the TypeScript-based closed-loop diabetes simulator LT1, which also comprises a library of models describing CGM sensors, infusion pumps, and patient physiology. The controller can thus be extensively tested in various closed-loop configurations. Also, the graphical user interface enables its integration in educational tools.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025
Volume	59
Publisher	Elsevier
Publication date	2025
Edition	2
Pages	71-76
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.025
Publication status	Published - 2025

Series	IFAC-PapersOnLine
ISSN	2405-8963

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Extended Kalman Filter
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control
Open Source
Simulation
Type 1 Diabetes

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10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.025Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

FulltextFinal published version, 710 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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title = "An Open-Source Browser-Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Type 1 Diabetes",

abstract = "We provide an open-source implementation of the NMPC algorithm for closed-loop insulin therapy presented by Hovorka et. al. in the seminal paper from 2004. An extended Kalman filter is added as observer, since specifics on state estimation have been omitted in the original paper. The controller is now part of the TypeScript-based closed-loop diabetes simulator LT1, which also comprises a library of models describing CGM sensors, infusion pumps, and patient physiology. The controller can thus be extensively tested in various closed-loop configurations. Also, the graphical user interface enables its integration in educational tools.",

keywords = "Extended Kalman Filter, Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, Open Source, Simulation, Type 1 Diabetes",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.025",

language = "English",

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address = "United Kingdom",

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An Open-Source Browser-Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Type 1 Diabetes. / Hauser, Lara; Jørgensen, John Bagterp; Peuscher, Heiko.
Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025. Vol. 59 2. ed. Elsevier, 2025. p. 71-76 (IFAC-PapersOnLine).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

TY - GEN

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AU - Jørgensen, John Bagterp

AU - Peuscher, Heiko

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - We provide an open-source implementation of the NMPC algorithm for closed-loop insulin therapy presented by Hovorka et. al. in the seminal paper from 2004. An extended Kalman filter is added as observer, since specifics on state estimation have been omitted in the original paper. The controller is now part of the TypeScript-based closed-loop diabetes simulator LT1, which also comprises a library of models describing CGM sensors, infusion pumps, and patient physiology. The controller can thus be extensively tested in various closed-loop configurations. Also, the graphical user interface enables its integration in educational tools.

AB - We provide an open-source implementation of the NMPC algorithm for closed-loop insulin therapy presented by Hovorka et. al. in the seminal paper from 2004. An extended Kalman filter is added as observer, since specifics on state estimation have been omitted in the original paper. The controller is now part of the TypeScript-based closed-loop diabetes simulator LT1, which also comprises a library of models describing CGM sensors, infusion pumps, and patient physiology. The controller can thus be extensively tested in various closed-loop configurations. Also, the graphical user interface enables its integration in educational tools.

KW - Extended Kalman Filter

KW - Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

KW - Open Source

KW - Simulation

KW - Type 1 Diabetes

U2 - 10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.025

DO - 10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.06.025

M3 - Article in proceedings

VL - 59

T3 - IFAC-PapersOnLine

SP - 71

EP - 76

BT - Proceedings of the 1st IFAC Workshop on Engineering Diabetes Technologies, EDT 2025

PB - Elsevier

ER -

An Open-Source Browser-Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

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