Ammonia concentrations and fluxes over a forest in the midwestern USA

S.C. Pryor, R.J. Barthelmie, L.L. Sørensen, B. Jensen

    Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

    Abstract

    We present measurements of ammonia (NH3) over a deciduous forest in southern Indiana collected during four field campaigns; two in the spring during the transition to leaf-out and two during the winter. Above canopy NH3 concentrations measured continuously using two Wet Effluent Diffusion Denuders indicate mean concentrations of 0.6-1.2 mug m(-3) during the spring and 0.3 mug m(-3) during the winter. Measurements suggest that on average the Forest act as a sink of NH3, with a representative daily deposition flux of 1.8 mg-NH3: m(-2) during the spring. However, on some days during the spring inverted concentration gradients of NH3 were observed resulting in an apparent upward flux or nearly 0.2 mg-NH3 m(-2) h(-1). Analyses suggest that this apparent emission flux may be due to canopy emission but evaporation or ammonium nitrate particles may also be partly responsible for the observed inverted concentration gradients. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
    Original languageEnglish
    JournalAtmospheric Environment
    Volume35
    Issue number32
    Pages (from-to)5645-5656
    ISSN1352-2310
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2001

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