Acute and chronic toxicity of veterinary antibiotics to Daphnia magna

Leah Wollenberger, B. Halling-Sørensen, Kresten Ole Kusk

    Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

    Abstract

    The acute and chronic toxicity of nine antibiotics used both therapeutically and as growth promoters in intensive farming was investigated on the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. The effect of the antibiotics metronidazole (M), olaquindox (OL), oxolinic acid (OA), oxytetracycline (OTC), streptomycin (ST), sulfadiazine (SU), tetracycline (TC), tiamulin (TI) and tylosin (TY) was tested in accordance to the ISO (1989) and OECD (1996) standard procedures. The acute toxicities (48-h EC50 value, mg/l) in decreasing order were OA (4.6), TI (40), SU (221), ST (487), TY (680) and OTC (~ 1000). NOECs were 340 mg/l for TC and 1000 mg/l for M and OL. Toxic effect on reproduction occurred generally at concentrations, which were one order of magnitude below the acute toxic levels. The chronic toxicity (EC50 values, mg/l) in the D. magna reproduction test in decreasing order were TI (5.4), SU (13.7), TC (44.8) and OTC (46.2). The NOECs (mg/l) obtained in the reproduction test with OA, ST, TY and M were 0.38 for OA, 32 for ST, 45 for TY and 250 for M. The observed toxicity of OA to D. magna indicates that this substance, which is a commonly used feed additive in fish farms, has a potential to cause adverse effects on the aquatic environment. C 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
    Original languageEnglish
    JournalChemosphere
    Volume40
    Issue number7
    Pages (from-to)723-730
    ISSN0045-6535
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2000

    Keywords

    • Veterinary drugs
    • Reproduction toxicity
    • Antibiotics
    • Acute toxicity
    • Antibacterial agents
    • Daphnia magna

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