A taxonomic and phylogenetic revision of Penicillium section Aspergilloides

J. Houbraken, C.M. Visagie, M. Meijer, Jens Christian Frisvad, P.E. Busby, J.I. Pitt, K.A. Seifert, G. Louis-Seize, R. Demirel, N. Yilmaz, K. Jacobs, M. Christensen, R.A. Samson

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    Abstract

    Species belonging to Penicillium section Aspergilloides have a world-wide distribution with P. glabrum, P. spinulosum and P. thomii the most well-known species of this section. These species occur commonly and can be isolated from many substrates including soil, food, bark and indoor environments. The taxonomy of these species has been investigated several times using various techniques, but species delimitation remains difficult. In the present study, 349 strains belonging to section Aspergilloides were subjected to multilocus molecular phylogenetic analyses using partial β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) sequences. Section Aspergilloides is subdivided into 12 clades and 51 species. Twenty-five species are described here as new and P. yezoense, a species originally described without a Latin diagnosis, is validated. Species belonging to section Aspergilloides are phenotypically similar and most have monoverticillate conidiophores and grow moderately or quickly on agar media. The most important characters to distinguish these species were colony sizes on agar media, growth at 30 °C, ornamentation and shape of conidia, sclerotium production and stipe roughness.
    Original languageEnglish
    JournalStudies in Mycology
    Volume78
    Pages (from-to)373-451
    Number of pages79
    ISSN0166-0616
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2014

    Bibliographical note

    This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/)

    Keywords

    • Penicillium armarii Houbraken, Visagie, Samson & Seifert
    • P. athertonense Houbraken
    • P. austroafricanum Houbraken & Visagie
    • P. brunneoconidiatum Visagie, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. bussumense Houbraken
    • P. cartierense Houbraken
    • P. clavistipitatum Visagie, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. contaminatum Houbraken
    • P. flavisclerotiatum Visagie, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. grevilleicola Houbraken & Quaedvlieg
    • P. hoeksii Houbraken
    • P. infra-aurantiacum Visagie, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. kiamaense Houbraken & Pitt
    • P. longicatenatum Visagie, Busby, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. malmesburiense Visagie, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. pulvis Houbraken, Visagie, Samson & Seifert
    • P. ranomafanaense Houbraken & Hagen
    • P. rudallense Houbraken, Visagie & Pitt
    • P. sterculiniicola Houbraken
    • P. sublectaticum Houbraken, Frisvad, Samson & Seifert
    • P. subspinulosum Houbraken
    • P. tsitsikammaense Houbraken
    • P. turcosoconidiatum Visagie, Houbraken & K. Jacobs
    • P. vagum Houbraken, Pitt, Visagie & K. Jacobs
    • P. verhagenii Houbraken
    • P. yezoense Hanzawa ex Houbraken

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