A Study on the Effect of Nudging on Long-Term Boundary Layer Profiles of Wind and Weibull Distribution Parameters in a Rural Coastal Area.

Sven-Erik Gryning, Ekaterina Batchvarova, Rogier Floors

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    Abstract

    By use of 1 yr of measurements performed with a wind lidar up to 600-m height, in combination with a tall meteorological tower, the impact of nudging on the simulated wind profile at a flat coastal site (Høvsøre) in western Denmark using the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) is studied. It was found that the mean wind speed, the wind direction change with height, and the wind power density profiles are underestimated with the configuration of WRF used and that the impact of nudging on the simulated mean values was minor. Nudging was found to reduce the scatter between the simulated and measured wind speeds, expressed by the root-mean-square error, by about 20% between altitudes of 100 and 500 m. The root-mean-square error was nearly constant with height for the nudged case (~2.2 m s−1) and slightly increased with height for the nonnudged one, reaching 2.8 m s−1 at 300 and 500 m. In studying the long-term wind speed variability with the Weibull distribution, it was found that nudging had a minor effect on the scale parameter profile, which is closely connected to the mean wind speed. Improvement by nudging was seen on the profile of the shape parameter. Without nudging, the shape parameter was underestimated at all heights; with nudging, the agreement was good up to about 100 m and above that height the shape parameter was underestimated.

    Original languageEnglish
    JournalJournal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
    Volume52
    Issue number5
    Pages (from-to)1201-1207
    ISSN1558-8424
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2013

    Bibliographical note

    © 2013 American Meteorological Society

    Keywords

    • Wind shear
    • Boundary layer
    • Lidars/Lidar observations
    • Mesoscale models
    • Model evaluation/performance
    • Coastal meteorology

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