Abstract
Assuming the wave steepness of the incident waves and the ship motions are small, the second-order weakly-nonlinear hydrodynamic problem of a ship moving with constant forward speed is studied numerically in a consistent way. The boundary value problem is formulated in a body-fixed coordinate system and the perturbation scheme is used. This formulation does not include any derivatives of the velocity potential on the right-hand side of the body-boundary conditions, and thus avoid the difficulties associated with the terms similar to the so-called mj-terms and their derivatives. The second-order sum-frequency wave excitation of ship springing is studied in both monochromatic and bichromatic head-sea waves. Different Froude numbers are considered. A time-domain Higher-Order Boundary Element Method based on cubic shape function is used as a numerical tool. An upstream finite difference scheme is used for longitudinal derivative terms in the free-surface conditions. For a modified Wigley hull in head-sea waves, it is found that the second-order velocity potential gives dominant contribution to second-order wave excitation of ship springing in the wave frequency region where sum-frequency springing occurs. Quadratic velocity terms in the Bernoulli equation have a relatively small contribution. The numerical results also demonstrate strong dependency of the second-order wave excitation of ship springing on the Froude numbers for small wave lengths. The effect of beam and draft is investigated. © The Author(s) 2011.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment |
Volume | 226 |
Issue number | 2 |
Pages (from-to) | 103-119 |
ISSN | 1475-0902 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2011 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Higher-Order Boundary Element Method
- mj-terms
- Nonlinear ship springing
- Second-order wave theory
- Body-fixed coordinate system