A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Lea B. S. Hansen; Henrik M. Roager; Nadja B. Søndertoft; Rikke J. Gøbel; Mette Kristensen; Mireia Vallès-Colomer; Sara Vieira-Silva; Sabine Ibrügger; Mads V. Lind; Rasmus B. Mærkedahl; Martin Iain Bahl; Mia L Madsen; Jesper Havelund; Gwen Falony; Inge Tetens; Trine Nielsen; Kristine H. Allin; Henrik L Frandsen; Bolette Hartmann; Jens Juul Holst; Morten H. Sparholt; Jesper Holck; Andreas Blennow; Janne Marie Moll; Anne S. Meyer; Camilla  Hoppe; Jørgen H. Poulsen; Vera Carvalho; Domenico Sagnelli; Marlene Danner Dalgaard; Anders F. Christensen; Magnus Christian Lydolph; Alastair B Ross; Silas  Villas-Bôas; Susanne Brix; Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén; Karsten Buschard; Allan Linneberg; Jüri J. Rumessen; Claus T. Ekstrøm; Christian Ritz; Karsten Kristiansen; H. Bjørn Nielsen; Henrik Vestergaard; Nils J. Færgeman; Jeroen Raes; Hanne Frøkiær; Torben Hansen; Ramneek Gupta; Tine Rask Licht; Oluf Pedersen

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Lea B. S. Hansen, Henrik M. Roager, Nadja B. Søndertoft, Rikke J. Gøbel, Mette Kristensen, Mireia Vallès-Colomer, Sara Vieira-Silva, Sabine Ibrügger, Mads V. Lind, Rasmus B. Mærkedahl, Martin Iain Bahl, Mia L Madsen, Jesper Havelund, Gwen Falony, Inge Tetens, Trine Nielsen, Kristine H. Allin, Henrik L Frandsen, Bolette Hartmann, Jens Juul HolstMorten H. Sparholt, Jesper Holck, Andreas Blennow, Janne Marie Moll, Anne S. Meyer, Camilla Hoppe, Jørgen H. Poulsen, Vera Carvalho, Domenico Sagnelli, Marlene Danner Dalgaard, Anders F. Christensen, Magnus Christian Lydolph, Alastair B Ross, Silas Villas-Bôas, Susanne Brix, Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén, Karsten Buschard, Allan Linneberg, Jüri J. Rumessen, Claus T. Ekstrøm, Christian Ritz, Karsten Kristiansen, H. Bjørn Nielsen, Henrik Vestergaard, Nils J. Færgeman, Jeroen Raes, Hanne Frøkiær, Torben Hansen, Ramneek Gupta^*, Tine Rask Licht, Oluf Pedersen

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

Original language	English
Article number	4630
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	9
Issue number	1
Number of pages	13
ISSN	2041-1723
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x
Publication status	Published - 2018

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Hansen, L. B. S., Roager, H. M., Søndertoft, N. B., Gøbel, R. J., Kristensen, M., Vallès-Colomer, M., Vieira-Silva, S., Ibrügger, S., Lind, M. V., Mærkedahl, R. B., Bahl, M. I., Madsen, M. L., Havelund, J., Falony, G., Tetens, I., Nielsen, T., Allin, K. H., Frandsen, H. L., Hartmann, B., ... Pedersen, O. (2018). A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults. Nature Communications, 9(1), [4630]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

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title = "A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults",

abstract = "Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.",

author = "Hansen, {Lea B. S.} and Roager, {Henrik M.} and S{\o}ndertoft, {Nadja B.} and G{\o}bel, {Rikke J.} and Mette Kristensen and Mireia Vall{\`e}s-Colomer and Sara Vieira-Silva and Sabine Ibr{\"u}gger and Lind, {Mads V.} and M{\ae}rkedahl, {Rasmus B.} and Bahl, {Martin Iain} and Madsen, {Mia L} and Jesper Havelund and Gwen Falony and Inge Tetens and Trine Nielsen and Allin, {Kristine H.} and Frandsen, {Henrik L} and Bolette Hartmann and Holst, {Jens Juul} and Sparholt, {Morten H.} and Jesper Holck and Andreas Blennow and Moll, {Janne Marie} and Meyer, {Anne S.} and Camilla Hoppe and Poulsen, {J{\o}rgen H.} and Vera Carvalho and Domenico Sagnelli and Dalgaard, {Marlene Danner} and Christensen, {Anders F.} and Lydolph, {Magnus Christian} and Ross, {Alastair B} and Silas Villas-B{\^o}as and Susanne Brix and Thomas Sicheritz-Pont{\'e}n and Karsten Buschard and Allan Linneberg and Rumessen, {J{\"u}ri J.} and Ekstr{\o}m, {Claus T.} and Christian Ritz and Karsten Kristiansen and Nielsen, {H. Bj{\o}rn} and Henrik Vestergaard and F{\ae}rgeman, {Nils J.} and Jeroen Raes and Hanne Fr{\o}ki{\ae}r and Torben Hansen and Ramneek Gupta and Licht, {Tine Rask} and Oluf Pedersen",

year = "2018",

doi = "10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

journal = "Nature Communications",

issn = "2041-1723",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

number = "1",

}

Hansen, LBS, Roager, HM, Søndertoft, NB, Gøbel, RJ, Kristensen, M, Vallès-Colomer, M, Vieira-Silva, S, Ibrügger, S, Lind, MV, Mærkedahl, RB, Bahl, MI, Madsen, ML, Havelund, J, Falony, G, Tetens, I, Nielsen, T, Allin, KH, Frandsen, HL, Hartmann, B, Holst, JJ, Sparholt, MH, Holck, J, Blennow, A, Moll, JM, Meyer, AS, Hoppe, C, Poulsen, JH, Carvalho, V, Sagnelli, D, Dalgaard, MD, Christensen, AF, Lydolph, MC, Ross, AB, Villas-Bôas, S, Brix, S, Sicheritz-Pontén, T, Buschard, K, Linneberg, A, Rumessen, JJ, Ekstrøm, CT, Ritz, C, Kristiansen, K, Nielsen, HB, Vestergaard, H, Færgeman, NJ, Raes, J, Frøkiær, H, Hansen, T, Gupta, R , Licht, TR & Pedersen, O 2018, 'A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults', Nature Communications, vol. 9, no. 1, 4630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

TY - JOUR

T1 - A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

AU - Hansen, Lea B. S.

AU - Roager, Henrik M.

AU - Søndertoft, Nadja B.

AU - Gøbel, Rikke J.

AU - Kristensen, Mette

AU - Vallès-Colomer, Mireia

AU - Vieira-Silva, Sara

AU - Ibrügger, Sabine

AU - Lind, Mads V.

AU - Mærkedahl, Rasmus B.

AU - Bahl, Martin Iain

AU - Madsen, Mia L

AU - Havelund, Jesper

AU - Falony, Gwen

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Nielsen, Trine

AU - Allin, Kristine H.

AU - Frandsen, Henrik L

AU - Hartmann, Bolette

AU - Holst, Jens Juul

AU - Sparholt, Morten H.

AU - Holck, Jesper

AU - Blennow, Andreas

AU - Moll, Janne Marie

AU - Meyer, Anne S.

AU - Hoppe, Camilla

AU - Poulsen, Jørgen H.

AU - Carvalho, Vera

AU - Sagnelli, Domenico

AU - Dalgaard, Marlene Danner

AU - Christensen, Anders F.

AU - Lydolph, Magnus Christian

AU - Ross, Alastair B

AU - Villas-Bôas, Silas

AU - Brix, Susanne

AU - Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas

AU - Buschard, Karsten

AU - Linneberg, Allan

AU - Rumessen, Jüri J.

AU - Ekstrøm, Claus T.

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Kristiansen, Karsten

AU - Nielsen, H. Bjørn

AU - Vestergaard, Henrik

AU - Færgeman, Nils J.

AU - Raes, Jeroen

AU - Frøkiær, Hanne

AU - Hansen, Torben

AU - Gupta, Ramneek

AU - Licht, Tine Rask

AU - Pedersen, Oluf

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

AB - Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

DO - 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30425247

VL - 9

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

SN - 2041-1723

IS - 1

M1 - 4630

ER -

A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

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