A Bidirectional GaN-Based CLLC Converter for Plug-In Electric Vehicles On-Board Chargers

Ahmed Morsi Ammar; Kawsar  Ali; Daniel J.   Rogers

doi:10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254560

A Bidirectional GaN-Based CLLC Converter for Plug-In Electric Vehicles On-Board Chargers

Ahmed Morsi Ammar
, Kawsar Ali
, Daniel J. Rogers

University of Oxford

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Article in proceedings › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

This paper presents a bidirectional CLLC converter solution for the dc-dc stage in plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) onboard battery chargers. The proposed architecture allows the converter to operate at resonance for the bidirectional constantpower (CP) load range with a variable bus voltage, while frequency modulation is employed for the constant-current (CC) load range in the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) mode with a fixed bus voltage, resulting in a limited bus voltage range. This enables the use of 650-V Gallium nitride (GaN) devices for the primary and secondary sides’ switches. The design flow is presented and a 1-kW high-frequency prototype is implemented. GaN reverse conduction characteristics are investigated and employed for the high-frequency current rectification. The prototype operates with soft switching across the operational range, achieving an efficiency of up to 95.7%, with the resonant inductances integrated in the transformer.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of 46^th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society
Number of pages	7
Publisher	IEEE
Publication date	2021
ISBN (Print)	978-1-7281-5415-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254560
Publication status	Published - 2021
Event	46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society - Marina Bay Sands Expo and Convention Centre, Singapore, Singapore Duration: 18 Oct 2020 → 21 Oct 2020 Conference number: 46 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9254213/proceeding

Conference

Conference	46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society
Number	46
Location	Marina Bay Sands Expo and Convention Centre
Country/Territory	Singapore
City	Singapore
Period	18/10/2020 → 21/10/2020
Internet address	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9254213/proceeding

Keywords

Electric vehicles
dc-dc converters
Resonant power conversion
Wide bandgap semiconductors
Bidirectional converters

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10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254560

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title = "A Bidirectional GaN-Based CLLC Converter for Plug-In Electric Vehicles On-Board Chargers",

abstract = "This paper presents a bidirectional CLLC converter solution for the dc-dc stage in plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) onboard battery chargers. The proposed architecture allows the converter to operate at resonance for the bidirectional constantpower (CP) load range with a variable bus voltage, while frequency modulation is employed for the constant-current (CC) load range in the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) mode with a fixed bus voltage, resulting in a limited bus voltage range. This enables the use of 650-V Gallium nitride (GaN) devices for the primary and secondary sides{\textquoteright} switches. The design flow is presented and a 1-kW high-frequency prototype is implemented. GaN reverse conduction characteristics are investigated and employed for the high-frequency current rectification. The prototype operates with soft switching across the operational range, achieving an efficiency of up to 95.7\%, with the resonant inductances integrated in the transformer.",

keywords = "Electric vehicles, dc-dc converters, Resonant power conversion, Wide bandgap semiconductors, Bidirectional converters",

author = "Ammar, \{Ahmed Morsi\} and Kawsar Ali and Rogers, \{Daniel J.\}",

year = "2021",

doi = "10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254560",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-1-7281-5415-2",

booktitle = "Proceedings of 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society",

publisher = "IEEE",

address = "United States",

note = "46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2020 ; Conference date: 18-10-2020 Through 21-10-2020",

url = "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9254213/proceeding",

}

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AU - Ammar, Ahmed Morsi

AU - Ali, Kawsar

AU - Rogers, Daniel J.

N1 - Conference code: 46

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - This paper presents a bidirectional CLLC converter solution for the dc-dc stage in plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) onboard battery chargers. The proposed architecture allows the converter to operate at resonance for the bidirectional constantpower (CP) load range with a variable bus voltage, while frequency modulation is employed for the constant-current (CC) load range in the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) mode with a fixed bus voltage, resulting in a limited bus voltage range. This enables the use of 650-V Gallium nitride (GaN) devices for the primary and secondary sides’ switches. The design flow is presented and a 1-kW high-frequency prototype is implemented. GaN reverse conduction characteristics are investigated and employed for the high-frequency current rectification. The prototype operates with soft switching across the operational range, achieving an efficiency of up to 95.7%, with the resonant inductances integrated in the transformer.

AB - This paper presents a bidirectional CLLC converter solution for the dc-dc stage in plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) onboard battery chargers. The proposed architecture allows the converter to operate at resonance for the bidirectional constantpower (CP) load range with a variable bus voltage, while frequency modulation is employed for the constant-current (CC) load range in the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) mode with a fixed bus voltage, resulting in a limited bus voltage range. This enables the use of 650-V Gallium nitride (GaN) devices for the primary and secondary sides’ switches. The design flow is presented and a 1-kW high-frequency prototype is implemented. GaN reverse conduction characteristics are investigated and employed for the high-frequency current rectification. The prototype operates with soft switching across the operational range, achieving an efficiency of up to 95.7%, with the resonant inductances integrated in the transformer.

KW - Electric vehicles

KW - dc-dc converters

KW - Resonant power conversion

KW - Wide bandgap semiconductors

KW - Bidirectional converters

U2 - 10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254560

DO - 10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254560

M3 - Article in proceedings

SN - 978-1-7281-5415-2

BT - Proceedings of 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

PB - IEEE

T2 - 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

Y2 - 18 October 2020 through 21 October 2020

ER -

A Bidirectional GaN-Based CLLC Converter for Plug-In Electric Vehicles On-Board Chargers

Abstract

Conference

Keywords

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