Best Paths

To establish a low-carbon economy and to keep the global average temperature rise below 2°C, industrialised countries have to reduce greenhouse gas emission by up to 95% by 2050. Europe’s energy sector is expected to make a major contribution towards achieving these reductions and to become the engine for a low-carbon economy.

The integration of decentralised renewable energy systems into the power grid is one of the principal drivers for investments in electricity infrastructure and offers many opportunities for the reduction of grid loads and energy losses in transportation. At the same time, grid operators and the electricity industry are facing major challenges in implementing this complete transformation of the way electricity is generated and transmitted.
By 2050, the majority of Europe’s electricity will come from renewables and the continent’s transmission grids will need to be geared to both transporting large quantities of offshore wind-generated electricity and integrating it into micro-grids. For electricity production, onshore and offshore wind power is a key provider, which is projected to increase to over 190 GW of installed capacity in the EU by 2020 .

The challenge of integrating large volumes of renewable energies into the grid hinges on their intermittent nature and uneven geographical distribution. Major development of the European grid infrastructure is thus considered critical to maintaining reliable power supplies and bringing renewable-generated electricity from generation sites to far away consumption sites.