TY - JOUR

T1 - International collaborative study on the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolated from animals, humans, food and the environment in 13 European countries

A1 - Veldman,Kees

A1 - Cavaco,Lina

A1 - Mevius,Dik

A1 - Battisti,Antonio

A1 - Franco,Alessia

A1 - Botteldoorn,Nadine

A1 - Bruneau,Mireille

A1 - Perrin-Guyomard,Agnès

A1 - Cerny,Tomas

A1 - De Frutos Escobar,Cristina

A1 - Guerra,Beatriz

A1 - Schroeter,Andreas

A1 - Gutierrez,Montserrat

A1 - Hopkins,Katie

A1 - Myllyniemi,Anna-Liisa

A1 - Sunde,Marianne

A1 - Wasyl,Dariusz

A1 - Aarestrup,Frank Møller

AU - Veldman,Kees

AU - Cavaco,Lina

AU - Mevius,Dik

AU - Battisti,Antonio

AU - Franco,Alessia

AU - Botteldoorn,Nadine

AU - Bruneau,Mireille

AU - Perrin-Guyomard,Agnès

AU - Cerny,Tomas

AU - De Frutos Escobar,Cristina

AU - Guerra,Beatriz

AU - Schroeter,Andreas

AU - Gutierrez,Montserrat

AU - Hopkins,Katie

AU - Myllyniemi,Anna-Liisa

AU - Sunde,Marianne

AU - Wasyl,Dariusz

AU - Aarestrup,Frank Møller

PB - Oxford University Press

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - OBJECTIVES: This study was initiated to collect retrospective information on the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolates in Europe and to identify the responsible genes. METHODS: Databases of national reference laboratories containing MIC values for Salmonella and E. coli isolated between 1994 and 2009 in animals, humans, food and the environment from 13 European countries were screened for isolates exhibiting a defined quinolone resistance phenotype, i.e. reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and nalidixic acid. PCR and sequence analysis were performed to identify the responsible PMQR genes. RESULTS: Screening of databases of 13 European countries resulted in a selection of 1215 Salmonella and 333 E. coli isolates. PMQR genes were identified in 59% of the Salmonella isolates and 15% of the E. coli isolates selected. In Salmonella, qnrS1 (n = 125) and variants of qnrB (n = 138) were frequently identified, whereas qnrA1 (n = 3) and aac(6')-1b-cr (n = 3) were rarely found. qnrD was detected in 22 Salmonella isolates obtained from humans and animals. In E. coli, qnrS1 was identified in 19 isolates and qnrB19 was found in one isolate. No qnrC or qepA genes were detected in either Salmonella or E. coli. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the occurrence and dissemination of PMQR genes in Salmonella and E. coli in Europe with a defined quinolone resistance phenotype. We also report the first detection of qnrD in Salmonella collected in Europe.

AB - OBJECTIVES: This study was initiated to collect retrospective information on the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolates in Europe and to identify the responsible genes. METHODS: Databases of national reference laboratories containing MIC values for Salmonella and E. coli isolated between 1994 and 2009 in animals, humans, food and the environment from 13 European countries were screened for isolates exhibiting a defined quinolone resistance phenotype, i.e. reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and nalidixic acid. PCR and sequence analysis were performed to identify the responsible PMQR genes. RESULTS: Screening of databases of 13 European countries resulted in a selection of 1215 Salmonella and 333 E. coli isolates. PMQR genes were identified in 59% of the Salmonella isolates and 15% of the E. coli isolates selected. In Salmonella, qnrS1 (n = 125) and variants of qnrB (n = 138) were frequently identified, whereas qnrA1 (n = 3) and aac(6')-1b-cr (n = 3) were rarely found. qnrD was detected in 22 Salmonella isolates obtained from humans and animals. In E. coli, qnrS1 was identified in 19 isolates and qnrB19 was found in one isolate. No qnrC or qepA genes were detected in either Salmonella or E. coli. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the occurrence and dissemination of PMQR genes in Salmonella and E. coli in Europe with a defined quinolone resistance phenotype. We also report the first detection of qnrD in Salmonella collected in Europe.

KW - Qnr

KW - Aac(6′)-1b-cr

KW - PMQR

KW - MICs

U2 - 10.1093/jac/dkr084

DO - 10.1093/jac/dkr084

JO - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

JF - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

SN - 0305-7453

IS - 6

VL - 66

SP - 1278

EP - 1286

ER -